{
 "about": "The record of this Plate: the facts it is drawn from, kept inside the work. Plain JSON; the artwork does not read it. CC0 1.0, no rights reserved.",
 "work": {"title": "Eurasia", "series": "Plates", "artist": "Kenny Lienhard", "year": 2026, "plate": "5 of 52", "palette": "citrine"},
 "plate": {"name": "Eurasia", "code": "EU", "model": "PB2002 (Bird 2003)", "class": "major", "area_km2": 48557789, "centroid_lat_lon": [59.05, 58.298], "ocean_share": 0.284, "land_share": 0.716},
 "motion": {"frame": "no-net-rotation", "euler_pole_lat_lon": [49.3231, -113.2791], "rotation_deg_per_million_years": 0.22721, "speed_mm_per_year_at_centroid": 23.95, "heading_deg_at_centroid": 84.2, "speed_range_mm_per_year": [17.26, 25.26], "the_artwork_drifts": "23.95 mm a year along its cut, one frame of rock every 20984 years"},
 "cover": {"boreal forest": 0.1521, "cropland": 0.1363, "desert": 0.1187, "slope and ridge": 0.113, "grassland": 0.0994, "shelf sea": 0.0981, "forest": 0.0742, "tundra": 0.0571, "deep ocean": 0.0563, "bare rock": 0.025, "lakes and rivers": 0.0233, "wetland": 0.0181, "sea ice": 0.0166, "towns": 0.0058, "ice": 0.0046, "rainforest": 0.0015},
 "palette_from": ["taiga", "farmland", "desert"],
 "era": {"name": "Last ice age", "what": "Ice sheets over northern Europe and the Barents Sea", "arrives_years_before_2026": [33076, 22076], "leaves_years_before_2026": [20076, 10076], "account": "The past. The last ice age: ice sheets spread over Scandinavia, Britain and Ireland, and the Barents and Kara seas, about an eighth of this plate. They were still growing when the timeline begins, stood at their largest from 22,076 to 20,076 years ago, and were almost gone by 10,076 years ago. Only the violet beds turn to ice, all at once, and only across those spans.", "source": "Hughes et al. 2016, Boreas 45:1; Clark et al. 2009, Science 325:710"},
 "history": [{"years_ago": 3800000000, "range_years_ago": [3850000000, 3800000000], "what": "Some of Earth's oldest crust, at least 3.8 billion years old, formed in what is now northern China.", "source": "Liu et al. 1992, Geology 20:339, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<0339:ROMCIT>2.3.CO;2"}, {"years_ago": 251900000, "range_years_ago": [252300000, 251350000], "what": "Vast lava floods poured out across Siberia at the time of the most severe mass extinction of the last half billion years.", "source": "Burgess and Bowring 2015, Science Advances 1:e1500470, doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500470; ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2024/12 (Cohen et al. 2013, updated), stratigraphy.org"}, {"years_ago": 59000000, "range_years_ago": [60000000, 58000000], "what": "India began to collide with Asia, starting the rise of the Himalaya and Tibet.", "source": "Hu et al. 2016, Earth-Science Reviews 160:264, doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.07.014"}, {"years_ago": 55500000, "range_years_ago": [56500000, 55200000], "what": "Europe and Greenland split apart and the northeast Atlantic Ocean began to open.", "source": "Storey, Duncan and Swisher 2007, Science 316:587, doi:10.1126/science.1135274"}, {"years_ago": 27500000, "range_years_ago": [35000000, 20000000], "what": "Arabia began to collide with Eurasia, raising the Zagros mountains.", "source": "McQuarrie and van Hinsbergen 2013, Geology 41:315, doi:10.1130/G33591.1"}],
 "outline_lon_lat": [[[-29.61, 39.99], [-29.77, 39.4], [-27.24, 38.78], [-24.31, 36.79], [-17.58, 37.5], [-15.14, 37.02], [-13.68, 37.4], [-11.59, 35.85], [-9.98, 36.65], [-6.06, 34.78], [-5.4, 33.98], [-4.06, 34.2], [-3.75, 35.6], [-2.89, 36.02], [-0.75, 35.78], [7.8, 37.36], [11.12, 39.07], [14.51, 38.77], [15.64, 38.3], [15.38, 37.34], [16.24, 37.31], [17.42, 37.7], [17.96, 39.17], [20.3, 37.8], [20.44, 38.47], [22.73, 38.27], [24.0, 39.92], [27.26, 40.79], [31.12, 40.61], [34.83, 41.12], [39.89, 39.7], [43.65, 37.41], [45.92, 33.39], [48.49, 32.24], [52.5, 27.56], [53.86, 26.72], [56.88, 27.3], [57.35, 24.79], [57.83, 24.44], [61.96, 24.09], [65.03, 24.38], [67.1, 25.5], [67.3, 29.79], [67.85, 30.07], [68.68, 29.21], [69.88, 29.26], [70.26, 31.01], [69.94, 31.91], [72.46, 34.68], [75.09, 32.88], [75.72, 31.63], [79.2, 29.39], [86.48, 26.74], [93.57, 27.11], [95.47, 28.18], [97.35, 28.08], [95.91, 23.02], [96.48, 14.4], [99.21, 14.45], [101.45, 17.07], [102.61, 17.63], [110.51, 17.78], [114.0, 18.44], [112.04, 21.83], [107.68, 23.46], [106.02, 25.24], [104.94, 27.88], [105.4, 28.79], [107.13, 29.71], [110.81, 30.84], [111.61, 31.66], [111.65, 32.84], [113.6, 34.85], [114.96, 34.83], [119.71, 31.2], [123.36, 31.47], [126.26, 34.25], [126.1, 36.72], [125.02, 40.2], [122.73, 42.19], [117.64, 39.84], [113.54, 41.4], [112.29, 40.64], [107.2, 43.65], [105.38, 50.14], [104.42, 51.43], [108.39, 53.4], [109.76, 55.76], [110.92, 56.22], [119.92, 57.32], [125.5, 57.13], [133.65, 55.27], [142.41, 54.03], [141.45, 56.19], [142.19, 59.95], [146.96, 61.88], [144.93, 65.29], [143.73, 66.32], [139.38, 67.91], [138.52, 69.04], [130.2, 74.02], [125.19, 78.99], [119.1, 82.09], [111.97, 83.82], [99.44, 84.91], [61.51, 86.8], [21.34, 85.8], [4.03, 84.6], [-7.21, 82.87], [-3.7, 82.33], [-5.03, 81.91], [-3.91, 81.62], [-4.64, 81.37], [-2.41, 81.13], [-3.36, 80.79], [-1.68, 80.62], [-2.34, 80.37], [4.39, 79.53], [3.43, 79.03], [7.78, 78.23], [7.6, 75.73], [9.13, 74.38], [9.04, 73.76], [-3.69, 71.4], [-7.37, 71.12], [-11.37, 71.77], [-12.36, 71.25], [-11.36, 71.05], [-12.25, 70.56], [-13.89, 70.82], [-16.49, 68.81], [-17.83, 68.4], [-19.1, 67.06], [-16.51, 66.2], [-17.37, 64.74], [-19.24, 63.86], [-21.3, 64.07], [-24.52, 63.11], [-34.44, 56.5], [-35.49, 54.33], [-35.12, 54.31], [-35.14, 52.71], [-30.03, 52.03], [-29.87, 50.79], [-28.56, 49.64], [-27.46, 47.66], [-27.51, 46.2], [-28.52, 43.77], [-29.32, 43.08], [-29.61, 39.99]]],
 "sources": ["Plate outlines and motion: Bird, P. (2003). An updated digital model of plate boundaries. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 4(3), 1027, doi:10.1029/2001GC000252. No-net-rotation frame computed from PB2002 alone.", "What covers each plate: ESA CCI Land Cover and Water Bodies, NOAA ETOPO 2022, Koppen-Geiger climate maps, NSIDC Sea Ice Index, on a 1 arc-minute grid."],
 "engine_sha256": "a7fbc03acc0fc9ba343881bb88ddaf2b7564564d8bc9cbed16e75e47e01fb3f2"
}